The following is a brief excerpt from Tattoo History: A Source Book, by Stephen G. Gilbert now available in print.

Tattoo History Source Book: Polynesia

by Tricia Allen and Steve Gilbert

Polynesian tattooing, as it existed before the arrival of Europeans in the South Pacific, was the most artistic tattooing in the ancient world. It had evolved over thousands of years throughout the islands of the Pacific and, in its most highly developed forms, was characterized by elaborate geometrical designs which were often added to, renewed, and embellished throughout the life of the individual until they covered the entire body. In beauty and complexity ancient Polynesian tattooing rivals the best work of modern masters of the art.

Where did it come from? And why was it so highly developed in Polynesia? For the answers to these questions we must look to the geography of the Pacific islands and to the history and culture of their inhabitants.

We can imagine the amazement of 18th century European seafarers when, after months at sea, they saw the tropical islands of the Pacific with their lofty volcanic peaks, wide valleys, fertile soil, lush vegetation, and secluded coral lagoons teeming with brightly colored fish. It was a stunning natural beauty of a kind never before seen by European eyes.

Isolated and protected from natural enemies, predators and disease, the Polynesian seemed the prototype of the mythical noble savage living in a state of innocence. The men were tall, handsome, phenomenally strong and courageous in sport and war. The women were sensuous, seductive and uncontaminated by puritanical inhibitions. Unlike the inhabitants of many other parts of the world, Polynesians did not spend their days struggling to obtain the bare necessities of life in a hostile environment.